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Dental phenotype variation in voles during the present glacial cycle
Putalová, Tereza ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Kuneš, Petr (referee)
The phenotype dynamics of arvicolid rodents during the terminal stages of the Vistualian glacial and the earliest Holocene was investigated with aid of a detailed morphometric analyses of extensive dental material from three sedimentary series of that age. The particular attention was paid to the record from a section in Býčí skála cave, Moravian karst, which demonstrated details of the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (12.4-8.4 ky BP) with extraordinary resolution. It revealed that dramatic rearrangements in community structure were accompanied by significant rearrangements of the phenotype dynamics in all arvicolid species. Despite some trends specific for particular species, some common features were identified as well. One of them was a rapid turnover in phenotype structure by the end of Younger Dryas, at time of the Preboreal event. (11.7-11 ky BP), the other was associated with the extensive shifts in community structure and habitat diversity at terminal stage of the Preboreal (9.7-9.3 ky). The core arvicolid species of Preboreal communities, Clethrionomys glareolus, Microtus arvalis, M.agrestis and Arvicola terrestris, exhibited repeated fluctuations during that stage (ll-9,3 ky BP) both in abundance and phenotype characteristics, supposedly related to serial invasion events during that time....
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Dental phenotype variation in voles during the present glacial cycle
Putalová, Tereza ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Kuneš, Petr (referee)
The phenotype dynamics of arvicolid rodents during the terminal stages of the Vistualian glacial and the earliest Holocene was investigated with aid of a detailed morphometric analyses of extensive dental material from three sedimentary series of that age. The particular attention was paid to the record from a section in Býčí skála cave, Moravian karst, which demonstrated details of the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (12.4-8.4 ky BP) with extraordinary resolution. It revealed that dramatic rearrangements in community structure were accompanied by significant rearrangements of the phenotype dynamics in all arvicolid species. Despite some trends specific for particular species, some common features were identified as well. One of them was a rapid turnover in phenotype structure by the end of Younger Dryas, at time of the Preboreal event. (11.7-11 ky BP), the other was associated with the extensive shifts in community structure and habitat diversity at terminal stage of the Preboreal (9.7-9.3 ky). The core arvicolid species of Preboreal communities, Clethrionomys glareolus, Microtus arvalis, M.agrestis and Arvicola terrestris, exhibited repeated fluctuations during that stage (ll-9,3 ky BP) both in abundance and phenotype characteristics, supposedly related to serial invasion events during that time....
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Vybrané aspekty ekologie drobných savců ve vztahu k variabilitě lesních stanovišť
Čepelka, Ladislav
The present thesis deals with the ecology of small mammals in forest ecosystems of Moravia (Czech Republic). Data were obtained in the period 2002-2013. The monitored habitats were at different altitudes, of diverse forest composition, under various methods of management and at different stages of succession. The localities were situated in lowland forests of rural landscape in southern Moravia and in upland forests of Jeseníky Mts. and Beskydy Mts. During the research, small ground mammals were captured with snap traps. Captured animals were classified according to species, measured, and weighed. The stomachs were removed and stored for subsequent ingested food analysis by NIRS. Saplings on forest plantations were monitored for damage caused by small mammals. At locations of interest in southern Moravia and in the Beskids, seed-mast crop of main broadleaved species was being detected there. In the evaluation of the obtained data, the diversity of small mammals synusias was monitored at sites in lowland and upland forest ecosystems. Habitat preferences of individual species were examined too. In the most abundant species, changes in the population dynamics during monitored period were detected. Special attention was paid to population characteristics in relation to the intensity of the seed crop. In mammals from southern Moravia, quality of ingested food (ratio of nitrogenous substances in the content of stomachs) was studied by NIRS. The influence of small rodents on tree saplings was monitored in Jeseníky Mts.
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